Reduce heat to LOW, add the butter, and cook, stirring occasionally, until the butter is melted. Whisk in the cocoa powder and vanilla until smooth. Remove from the heat and whisk in the powdered sugar, 1 cup at a time, whisking vigorously after each addition until smooth, then whisk in the buttermilk. The icing should be smooth, glossy, and pourable but thick enough to coat the cake. You can adjust the consistency, if needed, with additional powdered sugar or buttermilk, whisking vigorously until smooth.